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Morphology of Flowering Plants
Stem:
Bears branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits
Conducts water a
Biomolecules
Biomicromolecules:
All living organism, from microbes to mammals, are composed of chemical substan
Human digestive system:
Body parts including mouth from where food enters, digestive organs & elimination organs in digestive system are collectively called alimentary system or alimentary canal.
It has 4 layers:-
1
Kingdom Monera (eg. Bacteria )
They are ominpresent.
They are grouped in to 4 groups based on their shape.
3. Fragmentation:
It is that type of asexual reproduction in which the parental body breaks into two or more fragments either by wave action (e.g. sponges) or by
Spermatogenesis:
The process of formation of sperm from diploid spermatogonia is called spermatogenesis.
Proces
Cell Membrane (J.O. Plowe (1931) called it plasmalemma):
Its presence was first recognised by Naige
Active Transport: Uses energy to pump molecules against a concentration gradient. Casparian strip presents in the endodermis (the i
Life Span:
The period from birth to the natural death of an organism is called its life span.
Life span of an organism may be few minutes to several th
Structure of Ovule:
Ovule is an integumented megasporangium found in sper- matophytes which develops into seed after fertilisation. An angiosperm o
Meiosis:
This term was introduced by Farmer and Moore. This phase is called Reductional division because nu
1. Fission:
It is that type of asexual reproduction in which a fully grown parent organism divides into two or more than two daughter cells.
In this ca
Budding: It is that type of asexual reproduction in which one or more unicellular or multicellular outgrowths, called buds, are formed on or inside the parent
Mitosis:
This term was introduced by Flaming. This phase is called Equational division because number of chromoso
Life Cycles
Life cycles differs in the duration of haploid and diploid phase. There are three types of life cycles:
(A) Haplonti
Oogenesis:
The process of formation of mature female gamete in the ovary of females is called oogenesis.
Inflorescence
Pre-fertilization Events:
These events of sexual reproduction are prior to the fusion (fertilization) of male and female gametes.
a) &nbs
Pollen Grain
Pollen grains are male gametophyte - spherical in shape.
Microspore or pollen grain is haploid, uninucleate, minute spores
Test Cross: Cross between an individual of unknown genotype (hybrid) with an individual which is homozygous for recessive trait is test cross.
Forms of Stem:
Strong Stem:
The following terms are important in relation to strong stems.
Underground modifications of stem
Tuber :
It is the swollen tip of the underground branch or stolon. The ti
STAMEN
The stamens are modified leaves or microsporophylls concerned with the production of microspores or pollen grains. There are two part of stamen - the long an
Process of Recombinant DNA Technology
Recombinant DNA technology involves the following steps:
Central dogma of molecular biology:
Francis Crick Proposed the central dogma of molecular biology. It stat
ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID:-
Given by Charles Elton
It is graphical representation of food chain of an ecosystem.
Leaves :
A leaf is a dissimilar, green, flat, expended lateral outgrowth of stem or its branches on a node.
Each leaf consists
Facilitated diffusion:
It is difficult for substances that have hydrophilic moiety to pass through membrane so their movement has to be facilitate
Embryo formation: Embryo develops at the micropylar end of the embryo sac where
the zygote is situated. Most of the zygotes divide only after certain am
Human male reproductive system:
The male reproductive system consist of the following:
Primary sex organs: Testis
Test Details
In a class of 25 students, 12 have taken mathematics, 8 have taken mathematics but not biology. If each student has taken either mathematics or biology or both, then the number of students who have taken both the subjects is
Test Details
In a class of 25 students, 12 have taken mathematics, 8 have taken mathematics but not biology. If each student has taken either mathematics or biology or both, then the number of students who have taken both the subjects is
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